FWIW I was just wondering about this too. In general, I would much rather edit a configuration file a la Postgres than write a script to pass CLI arguments (even though I have done so since currently I must).
Rather than seeing it as an either/or situation, I tend to think of it as a “long tail”/“both-and” situation, as in: If MySQL and Postgres and Oracle let me use config files, why does this new thing not let me? Users like features and convenience.
Re: precedence, I agree it’s more complex, but it looks like others have tackled this and it’s working for their users.
(Looks like some talk of config files via https://github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/issues/3680 but that issue seems a little long in the tooth so it seems non-imminent)